J.M.W. Turner (1775-1851)
Born: April 23, 1775; London, England, United Kingdom
Died: December 19, 1851
Nationality: British
Art Movement: Romanticism
The name of J.M.W. Turner is closely associated with the London's Royal Academy. He became a full member when only twenty-seven, never missed showing at the annual exhibition and served as a member both of the Council and the hanging committee. He even lectured in landscape painting for seventeen years. Altogether, Turner sounds like a thoroughly respectable Academician who could be relied upon to produce the sort of 'brown gravy' paintings that the Impressionists rejected half a century later.
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More About Turner...
However, Turner's fellow Academicians on Varnishing Days could tell a very different story. Varnishing Days allowed exhibitors to retouch their work before the varnish went on. Turner would arrive, complete with top hat, to attend to several pallid canvasses that looked 'like chaos before the creation', and set to work 'with all the brightest pigments he could lay his hands on... until they literally blazed with colour.' Many Academicians looked askance at Turner's apparent lack of social grace, but to hand next to him and risk being eclipsed by his works was a fate they all dreaded. Even Constable, no stranger to criticism of his own bright 'nasty green', was heard to exclaim, 'He's just been here and fired a gun.'
Turner had indeed fired a gun - or at any rate a starting pistol - for the run up to Impressionism. Around fifty years later, in Rouen, Monet set up his easel at the second-floor window of a shop opposite the cathedral. he had decided to follow the example of Turner, whose gouache sketch of Rouen Cathedral he had once seen in London and never forgotten.
In 1851, he died in London.
